Before we learn about how electronics are made, we need to understand how electrical systems work.
At its core, electricity is the flow of electrons - tiny negatively charged particles that move through conductive materials. These moving electrons create electrical current, which is what powers everything from small gadgets to massive power grids.
Let's explore the fundamental concepts that govern how electricity works in our devices:
Voltage is the electrical "pressure" that pushes electrons through a circuit. Think of it like water pressure in a pipe. In consumer electronics, you'll see this in:
Current is the flow rate of electrons, measured in amperes (A). In practical terms:
Resistance is how much a material opposes electron flow, measured in ohms (Ω). This is crucial for: